While using this approach, the planner attempts to answer the following questions:. Asses the existing curriculum and give recommendations for change. Estimate the number of teachers at different levels and types of education. Estimate the required number of graduates by education level in the economy. Nevertheless, this approach unreliably forecasts manpower requirements.Īs an approach used in educational planning it aims to:. He however agrees that manpower gives stakeholders in the education sector a useful guidance on how to keep labour force educational qualifications balanced to alleviate future crises. Abbott states that manpower creates wide gaps and imbalances in the output pattern of the education sector putting to doubt its viability as an approach to planning an effective education system. The education system output is intended to meet future manpower needs. It thus aims at forecasting an economy’s manpower requirements. It assumes that objective manpower requirements exist and in order to meet them, only training the corresponding number of people is needed. The main objective of manpower approach is to avoid shortages in manpower in the labour market, considered as a setback to economic development. Such forecasts were and are still used to influence labor and educational policies at national and or regional levels and played a major role in justifying expenditures. Since then, manpower forecasting became a common practice to a large number of economic statisticians, social researchers and educators with claims that indicated an ability to determine the manpower requirements of each occupational area for a particular city, region or country. Manpower requirement approach or model first came into widespread use in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD’s) Mediterranean regional project (MRP) in the early 1960’s. The difference indicates either a surplus, or need to cut back on education or training in selected subjects or a deficiency requiring further investment in relevant areas of manpower development. This data is then compared with the output expected from the supply of manpower to the labor market. The term “man power requirements approach” implies the use of statistical inputs from economic sources in order to establish present and future need for manpower by educational and occupational categories. To avoid shortages or surpluses, planners have sought to identify future requirements of skilled manpower and to design education systems that produce necessary workforce. Educated or skilled manpower is thus a prerequisite to economic development and a shortage can be a serious setback to a country’s efforts. It however, requires not only physical resources and facilities but also human resources to organize and use the former (ibid). These are: Manpower approach, Social demand approach and Cost benefit analysis or rate of return analysis.Įconomic growth is the mainspring of a country’s overall development and should be primarily considered in allocating the scarce resources. Three approaches are widely accepted for use in educational planning process. It’s thus a future and goal oriented activity that employs different methods or approaches to achieve its primary purpose. Manpower requirement approach, developing countries, educational planning, problems IntroductionĮducational planning is the application of a rational, systematic analysis to the process of educational development with the aim of making education more effective and efficient in responding to the needs and the goals of its students and society. The paper was exclusively developed on the account of existing secondary sources on the dominant theme namely books, articles, legal policy statements among others. This paper shows the stages employed by educational planners following this methodology, its application in selected developing countries, the problems it faces and appropriate recommendations. Based on this approach education systems are designed to respond to the quantity of manpower and skills required by each sector of the country’s economy. There was enthusiasm among these countries to develop indigenous manpower to develop their own economies. Manpower requirement approach to educational planning gained widespread use in the 1960s and 1970s to project the manpower needs of the newly independent African countries after long period of European domination, oppression and exploitation.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |